A chronic soaker develops severe memory loss with marked confabulation. Deficiency of which of the quest
vitamins would be most likely to contribute to the neurologic damage implicit in(p) these symptoms?
A. Folic acid
B. Niacin
C. riboflavin
D. Thiamine
E. Vitamin B12
Explanation:
The correct answer is D. Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome refers to the constellation of neurologic symptoms
caused by thiamine need. Among these, a severe memory deficit, which the patient may attempt to cover
by making up bizarre explanations (confabulation), is prominent. anatomical reference damage to the mamillary bodies
and periventricular structures has been postulated as the cause. In the U.S., severe thiamine inadequateness is seen
most commonly in chronic alcoholics. Thiamine deficiency can also damage peripheral nerves ( modify beriberi)
and the heart (wet beriberi).
Folic acid deficiency (choice A) produces megaloblastic anaemia without neurologic symptoms.
Niacin deficiency (choice B) produces pellagra, characterized by depigmenting dermatitis, chronic diarrhea, and
anemia.
Riboflavin deficiency (choice C) produces ariboflavinosis, characterized by glossitis, corneal opacities,
dermatitis, and erythroid hyperplasia.
Vitamin B12 deficiency (choice E) produces megaloblastic anemia accompanied by degeneration of the
posterolateral spinal cord.
A 25-year-old woman with sickle cell anemia complains of steady pain in the neck in her right upper quadrant with radiation
to the right shoulder, especially after large or fatty meals. Her physician diagnoses gallstones. Of which of the
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